Tick Paralysis in Dogs and Cats: Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention
Over the past two weeks, Veterinary Specialist Services has seen a sharp rise in cases of tick paralysis in dogs and cats. This life-threatening condition is caused by Ixodes holocyclus, more commonly known as the Australian paralysis tick. These ticks inject a powerful neurotoxin that can quickly lead to paralysis and even death if not treated promptly.
Interestingly, native Australian wildlife such as bandicoots and possums are relatively resistant to the toxin. They act as reservoir hosts, carrying paralysis ticks without showing any signs of illness. Unfortunately, this means they can introduce ticks into our backyards, parks, and bushland, putting our beloved pets at risk.
When is Tick Season?
The prevalence of paralysis ticks often depends on seasonal weather patterns. Officially, tick season runs from September through to February, but in South East Queensland, veterinarians frequently treat cases earlier in the year and even all year round. Small bursts of rain followed by warm weather can trigger an increase in tick activity, leading to more cases of tick paralysis in pets.
Symptoms of Tick Paralysis in Pets
The neurotoxin produced by paralysis ticks affects muscles that are under conscious control. This includes muscles responsible for walking, swallowing, breathing, and even blinking. Common symptoms of tick paralysis in dogs and cats include:
- Weakness or paralysis, starting in the hindlimbs and progressing forward
- Ataxia (wobbly or uncoordinated walking)
- Difficulty breathing
- Changes to bark, meow, or voice
- Vomiting or regurgitation
- Loss of ability to blink
Because the toxin can paralyze the muscles needed for breathing, animals may deteriorate rapidly and suffocate if left untreated. Another serious complication is aspiration pneumonia, which occurs when swallowing muscles fail and food or liquid enters the lungs.
Lucky’s Story: A Jack Russell’s Battle With Tick Paralysis
Meet Lucky, a four-year-old Jack Russell Terrier who recently survived a frightening encounter with tick paralysis. Lucky collapsed during a walk and began vomiting at home. By the time he reached the Animal Emergency Service in Carrara, his breathing had worsened, requiring immediate life support ventilation.
He received tick antiserum and intensive care from the Veterinary Specialist Services team. His fur was shaved to allow veterinarians to thoroughly search for additional ticks, as pets often have more than one attached. After four days of round-the-clock monitoring and treatment, Lucky made a remarkable recovery and was discharged home, ready to return to his playful self.
Preventing Tick Paralysis in Dogs and Cats
The good news is that tick paralysis is preventable. Today, there are multiple tick prevention products available in the form of oral tablets, spot-on treatments, and collars. These products are highly effective in reducing the risk of paralysis tick infestations.
To protect your pets:
- Use year-round tick prevention as recommended by your veterinarian
- Regularly check your pet’s coat, especially after walks in grassy or bushland areas
- Keep your yard tidy and reduce long grass where ticks may hide
- Act quickly if you notice any symptoms of tick paralysis
Final Thoughts
Tick paralysis in dogs and cats is a serious, potentially fatal condition, but with vigilance and proper prevention, it is largely avoidable. If you suspect your pet has been affected, seek veterinary attention immediately. Early detection and treatment can save lives. Speak with your local veterinarian about the best tick prevention options to ensure your furry family members stay safe and healthy.
